MICROBIOLOGY AND HYGIENE
| GENERAL AND APPLIED HYGIENE (2 credits) | MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (6 credits) |
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE COURSE UNIT
Acquisition of the scientific expertise instrumental to the understanding
of the taxonomic, epidemiological, morphological, physiological,
immunological and pharmacological characteristics of bacteria, fungi,
parasites and viruses responsible for infectious diseases in man and
capacity of evaluation, interpretation and managing of microbiological
and virological approaches for the diagnosis, therapy, prophylaxis and
control of the infections of the oral cavity and cross-infections in
dentistry.
Acquisition of
the basic concept of epidemiological methods which enable students to
read and interpret scientific papers.
COURSE CONTENTS SUMMARY
Microbiology.
Evolution of microorganisms and microbiology. The bacteria: cell
structure, classification, reproduction, sporogenesis and germination,
metabolism, cultivation, genetics, mechanisms of pathogenicity. The
fungi: yeasts, moulds. The parasites: protozoa, metazoa. The viruses:
chemical composition and structure, classification, replication,
interference, cultivation and quantitation, mechanisms of pathogenicity.
General outlines on infectious diseases: endogenous infections,
exogenous infections. Innate and adaptative immunity against infections.
Principles of direct and indirect microbiological diagnosis. Antibacterial
drugs. Antifungal drugs. Antiparasitic drugs. Antiviral drugs. Mechanisms
of resistance of pathogenic agents to anti-infective drugs. Principles of
drug sensitivity testing of pathogenic agents to anti-infective drugs.
Prevention of infectious diseases: active immunity, passive immunity.
The mouth as a microbial habitat. The resident oral microbial population.
Acquisition, adhesion, distribution and metabolism of the oral microbial
population. Dental plaque. Dental caries. Periodontal diseases. Oral
bacterial infections. Oral fungal infections. Oral viral infections. Therapy
and prophylaxis of oral infections. Cross-infection control in dentistry.
Microbiological principles for disinfection and sterilization.
Hygiene.
Epidemiological Methodology
History and applications of the epidemiology. The sources of the
statistical-epidemiological data. The main measures in epidemiology:
proportions and rates; incidence and prevalence; mortality and lethality.
The standardization of the rates. Epidemiological measures of risk:
attributable risk, relative risk.
The epidemiological studies: ecological, cross-sectional, case-control,
cohort studies. The experimental therapeutic and preventive studies.
The appraisal of effectiveness of the medical participations; ethical
aspects and of privacy.
RECOMMENDED READINGS
M. Bendinelli, C. Chezzi, G. Dettori, N. Manca, G. Morace, L. Polonelli, M.A.
Tufano. Microbiologia Medica. Gli agenti infettivi dell'uomo: biologia,
azione patogena, laboratorio. Batteriologia. Monduzzi Editore.
M. Bendinelli, C. Chezzi, G. Dettori, N. Manca, G. Morace, L. Polonelli, M.A.
Tufano. Microbiologia Medica. Gli agenti infettivi dell'uomo: biologia,
azione patogena, laboratorio. Micologia. Monduzzi Editore.
M. Bendinelli, C. Chezzi, G. Dettori, N. Manca, G. Morace, L. Polonelli, M.A.
Tufano. Microbiologia Medica. Gli agenti infettivi dell'uomo: biologia,
azione patogena, laboratorio. Virologia. Monduzzi Editore.
M. Bendinelli, A. Calderaro, C. Chezzi, G. Dettori, N. Manca, G. Morace, L.
Polonelli, M.A. Tufano. Microbiologia Medica. Gli agenti infettivi dell'uomo:
biologia, azione patogena, laboratorio. Parassitologia. Monduzzi Editore.
L. Polonelli. Microbiologia Odontoiatrica. UniNova. Traduzione da P.
Marsh, M.V. Martin. Oral Microbiology. Wright.
C.Signorelli. Elementi di metodologia epidemiologica (VII ed). SEU, 2011
S. Barbuti et al. Igiene . Monduzzi (Terza Ed, 2011).
ASSESSMENT METHODS AND CRITERIA
Oral exam
TEACHING METHODS
Oral lesson
FURTHER INFORMATIONS
Teachers:
Prof. Luciano Polonelli
Prof. Maria Luisa Tanzi
