ANATOMOPHYSIOLOGY BINOCULAR VISION OCULAR MOTILITY

THE EYE: ITS SURFACES, AXES, MOVEMENTS AROUND THE SAME. THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS: THE ORBIT, OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES, SUPPORT APPARATUS, SUPRANUCLEAR CENTRES OF OCULOMOTRICITY, OCULOMOTOR NERVES. THE ACTIONS OF THE OCULAR MUSCLES. AGONIST AND ANTAGONIST MUSCLES. THE LAWS OF OCULAR MOTILITY: SHERRINGTON¿S LAW OF RECIPROCAL INNERVATION, HERING¿S LAW OF EQUAL INNERVATION. OCULAR MOVEMENTS: DUCTIONS, VERSONS (VOLUNTARY, STATIC, STATIC-KINETIC, OPTICAL-KINETIC) VERGENCES. MONOCULAR (TONIC, ACCOMODATIVE, PROXIMAL) AND BINOCULAR (FUSIONAL) VERGENCES. DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF OCULAR MOVEMENTS (SACCADIC MOVEMENTS, PURSUIT MOVEMENTS). OCULAR FIXATION. SUPRANUCLEAR CONTROL OF EXTRINSIC OCULAR MOTILITY. ANATOMICAL BASES OF BINOCULAR VISION: MONOCULAR AND BINOCULAR VISUAL FIELD. OPTICAL PATHWAYS AND CHIASMATIC DECUSSATION. VISUAL CORTEX. PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BINOCULAR VISION: PHOTORECEPTOR LOCAL SIGN. OCULOCENTRIC (OR RELATIVE) AND ECOCENTRIC (OR ABSOLUTE) LOCALISATION . THE CONCEPT OF CORRESPONDING RETINAL POINTS.