GENERAL REHABILITATION METHODOLOGY
cod. 15979

Academic year 2007/08
1° year of course - Second semester
Professor responsible for the course unit
SONCINI Giovanni
integrated course unit
5 credits
hub:
course unit
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Learning objectives

The educational goals of the integrated course are to provide students with knowledge on instrumental and manual physiotherapeutic techniques and their biological effects. <br />The student is also expected to be able to assess the patient’s objective and subjective data in the planning of the physiotherapeutic and nursing care process and be able to identify the most important prevention measures, as regards ergonomics and nursing practices, in the handling of the patient.<br />

Prerequisites

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Course unit content

<br />Physical Medicine and Principles of Massotherapy (SSD MED/34) 1 Credit<br />Prof. Giovanni Soncini (PR), Dr. Paolo Epifani (PC)<br /> <br />Physical treatment methods: general details<br />Thermotherapy; Electric currents; Microwaves; Phototherapy; Ultrasound; Laser therapy; Mesotherapy; Magnetotherapy<br />Vertebral traction<br />The application of physical treatment methods in orthopedic diseases: indications and contraindications<br />Hydrotherapy<br /> <br /><br />Module Instrumental Assessment and Innovation in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation    Prof. Cosimo Costantino<br />Massotherapy,                                                                                            Surface electromyography;                                      Baropodometricevaluation ;                                                                Hyperthermia;                                                                 T.E.CA.R.therapy;                                                                                  Laser ND-YAG;                                                             CRYOULTRSOUND                                                             SEQEX Cold therapy<br />General assessment of the patient (SSD MED/48) 0.8 Credits<br />Physiotherapist Annalisa Cavaldonati (PR), Physiotherapist Annarita Molinari (PC)<br />THEORETICAL PART<br />MOVEMENT / POSTURE connected with the disease; examples<br />WHAT CAN WE SEE: what to do /how to do it! <br />It is not really a question of disease; types of patient: what to see and how to act<br />WHAT HAPPENS: primary signs /secondary signs<br />WHAT WE SHOULD SEE: observation and assessment of the signs<br />Observing and assessing the patient, the student should be able to evaluate the residual power that can be exploited, given the signs<br />GENERAL ERGONOMIC CONCEPTS / KNOWLEDGE OF DISABILITY. How to perform work gestures correctly: Art. 49 of title V of Legislative Decree D. Lgs. 626/94<br />CORRECT MANOEUVRES for helping the patient to maintain the correct postures: in bed/sitting in the wheelchair<br />CORRECT MANOUEVRES for helping the patient to move: positioning/transfer<br />AIDS AND ENVIRONMENTS; their characteristics; how to use them correctly; how to teach the patient and/or parent to use them correctly<br />OBJECTIVE autonomy of the person<br />PRACTICAL PART<br />Based on: Seeing / Trying / Reflecting / Reasoning<br />Workshop ( group work: presentation, discussion, hands-on)<br />Visit to the rehabilitation department: gym, rooms, bathrooms<br />Visit to an admitted patient<br />Use / practice with a wheelchair<br />How they would move and why<br />Correct position in bed<br />Transfer<br />Practice in their presence<br />Practice with a patient<br /> <br />Massotherapy Techniques (SSD MED/48) 1,1 Credits<br />Physiotherapist Alessandro Salvarani<br />Historical overview and definition of massage.<br />Preliminary standards: Environment, Materials, Patient, Masseur<br />Massage characteristics<br />Fundamental manoeuvres: Effleurage, Friction, Pressure, Kneading, Vibration, Percussion<br />Examination of the patient (theory and practice): Skin, Muscular tissue, Tendons, Joints, Circulation, Nervous system<br />Massaging of the various regions (theory and practice): Cervical, Dorsal, Lumbar, Lower limbs, Upper limbs, Abdomen,) Chest, Face <br />Introductory Overview of Deep Transverse Friction Massage ( Cyriax )<br />Introductory Overview of Connective Tissue Massage ( Dicke )<br />Introductory Overview of Fascial Manipulation ( Stecco )<br />Introductory Overview of Shatsu<br /> <br /><br />Physical Therapy (SSD MED/48) 0.6 Credits<br />Physiotherapist Alessandro Salvarani (PR), Physiotherapist Federica Mosetti (PC)<br /><br />Ultrasound Therapy and Sonophoresis (theoretical overview and practical applications)<br />Laser therapy (theoretical overview and practical applications)<br />Antalgic electrotherapy (TENS, Interferential) (theoretical overview and practical applications)<br />Electrotherapy (Galvanic Current, Ionophoresis, Diadynamic Current (theoretical overview and practical applications)<br />Electrostimulation: Square, Triangular, Triangular-Exponential waves, Kotz Current, Biphasic square waves (theoretical overview and practical applications)<br />Radar Therapy and Hyperthermia) (theoretical overview and practical applications)<br />TECAR (resistive capacitive energy transfer) therapy (theoretical overview and practical applications)<br /> <br />Objective examination of the patient (SSD MED/48) 0.5 Credits<br />Physiotherapist Antonella Tambini<br />Observation: patient’s attitude, normal alignment, symmetries, assymetries of the trunk and limbs, analysis of body weight distribution during rest and during certain functional activities. Demonstration and student practice workshop.<br />Palpation of the soft tissue, bone contours, knowledge of the main bone landmarks. Demonstration and student practice workshop.<br />Active joint range. Demonstration and student practice workshop.<br />Passive joint range. Demonstration and student practice workshop.<br />Measuring and recording of active and passive joint range. Demonstration and student practice workshop.<br /><br />Elements of Clinical Nursing (SSD MED/45) 1 Credit<br />D.A.I. Antonella Dovani (PR), D.A.I. Belinda Riboni (PC)<br /><br />Role and profile of the nurse (Presentation of Nurse’s professional profile Ministerial Decree D.M 739/94)<br />Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs<br />Nursing assistance according to the conceptual model of V. Henderson with regard to Needs and that of N. Roper with regard to Activities of Living.<br />The Nursing process. Phases of the Nursing process (assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation)<br />Nursing information tools:<br />From the Nursing Record to the Consolidated Record (multiprofessional)<br />The graphics, main written notes: PA- PO- FR- parameters -Diuresis –Temperature - Therapeutic prescription.<br />Definition of vital parameters : PA PO   (normal values and their main alterations) P> <br />Practice in measuring P.A. PO. parameters.<br />Hospital Infections:<br />Main Precautions for Measuring HIs: hand washing (types of washing)<br />Localisation of the HI.<br />Urinary tract infections: sources of infection, the most frequent causes, urinary drainage, precautions to be adopted for patients with indwelling bladder catheters and in order to avoid Urinary Tract Infections.<br />Infections of the lower respiratory tract: causes of onset. Hospital-Aquired Pneumonia prevention measures. (correct use of probes for Bronchoaspiration and Ab Ingestis pneumonia)<br />Bacteremia: Intravascular infections ( from C.V.Cs., C.V.P. catheters), sources of infection<br />Other localisations: staphylococcus skin infections (Burns department)<br />Other Hospital Risk Areas:<br />High risk for patients and staff<br />Moderate risk<br />Low risk /P> <br />Classification of medical devices in:<br />Critical, semi-critical and non-critical<br />Personal protection equipment or barrier clothing: masks, protective glasses and visors, gloves (guidelines for correct use), overgowns, overshoes<br />Precautions to be adopted : standard precautions (S)  + <br />Additional precautions for airborne diseases <br />Additional precautions for pulmonary TB<br />Precautions for contact transmitted diseases<br />Definitions of : Antisepsis, Antiseptic, Asepsis, Bactericide, Bacteriostatic. Contamination, Detergent, Disinfectant, Disinfection, High-Level-Disinfection, Sterility, Aseptic Techniques<br />Disinfectants<br />Principles for the correct use of disinfectants (Warnings for use)<br />Main disinfectants used in the health environment: Glutaraldehyde, Alcohol, Chlorhexidine, Chlorine and its derivatives, Compounds made from Quaternary ammonium , Iodophores, Hydrogent Peroxide <br />Elimination :<br />Urinary and Faecal   (norm, colour and any alterations to be reported)<br />The Bladder catheter: <br />Precautions to be adopted for patients with indwelling catheters during positioning or moving <br />External urine collectors (Pen Flo, condom)<br />Gastrointestinal tract: precautions to be adopted for patients with <br />Nasogastric tubes (e.g. Post-operative, for Enteral Nutrition), <br />Stomies (care and hygiene)<br />Brief Observation. The Casualty Department. Handling a patient with a Cardiac Arrest, correct activation of the survival chain,<br />practice of BLS  (Basic Life Support) according to the I.R.C. guidelines  ( A-B-C- of cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

Full programme

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Bibliography

<br />Recommended texts:<br />COMPENDIO DI MEDICINA RIABILITATIVA - Authors: M.Pizzetti, I. Caruso - Edizioni Mediche Scientifiche Internazionali<br /> 

Teaching methods

<br />Classroom lectures<br />Practical activities.<br />Oral test

Assessment methods and criteria

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Other information

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