ANATOMY
Learning outcomes of the course unit
Students are expected to know about the macro and microscopic organisation of the various apparatuses of the species of veterinary medical interest, also from a comparative point of view.
Prerequisites
Previous courses in Histology, Embryology are compulsory.
Course contents summary
R. Panu, L. Bo
ANATOMY MODULE (55 HOURS, R. PANU)
ANATOMY MODULE (55 HOURS, L. BO)
Practical learning activities:
R. Panu, L. Bo, M. Botti, L. Ragionieri
ANATOMY MODULE (Macroscopic anatomy) (40 HOURS, R. PANU; 40 HOURS M. BOTTI)
ANATOMY MODULE (Microscopic anatomy) (40 HOURS, L. BO; 40 HOURS L. RAGIONIERI)
ANATOMY OF
PARTS OF THE ANIMAL BODY (Head, Neck, Trunk, Tail, Thoracic and Pelvic Limbs)
General details. Species peculiarities (5 HOURS, R. PANU)
SYSTEMATIC ANATOMY (55 HOURS, L. BO - 50 HOURS, R. PANU)
OSTEOLOGY
General details
Skeleton of the head
Spinal column
Skeleton of the chest
Bones of the thoracic and pelvic limbs
ARTHROLOGY
General details
The joints of the cranium, spinal column, thorax and pelvis
The joints of the thoracic and pelvic limbs
MYOLOGY
General details on muscles and associated structures (fascia, synovial bursae, fibrous and synovial sheaths of the tendons)
The muscles of the head, trunk and thoracic and pelvic limbs
SPLANCHNOLOGY
DIGESTIVE TRACT
ORAL CAVITY, TEETH, TONGUE, SALIVARY GLANDS, PHARYNX, ALIMENTARY CANAL [OESOPHAGUS, STOMACH (monogastric and polygastric), SMALL INTESTINE, LARGE INTESTINE], LIVER and PANCREAS, ABDOMINAL CAVITY, PERITONEUM
Morphology, structure
Blood supply; innervation
Species peculiarities
RESPIRATORY TRACT
NOSTRILS, NASAL CAVITY, PARANASAL SINUSES, LARYNX, TRACHEA, BRONCHI, LUNGS, THORACIC CAVITY, PLEURA
Morphology, structure
Blood supply; innervation
Species peculiarities
UROGENITAL APPARATUS
URINARY ORGANS: KIDNEY, URETHRA, URINARY BLADDER
Morphology, structure
Blood supply; innervation
Species peculiarities
MALE GENITAL ORGANS: TESTIS and TESTICULAR SHEATH, EPIDIDYMIS, VAS DEFERENS, SPERMATIC CORD, ACCESSORY GENITAL GLANDS, PENIS, URETHRA
Morphology, structure
Blood supply, innervation
Species peculiarities
FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS: OVARY, UTERINE TUBE, UTERUS, VAGINA, VAGINAL VESTIBULE, URETHRA,
EXTERNAL GENITALIA
Morphology, structure
Blood supply; innervation
Species peculiarities
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
HYPOPHYSIS (PITUITARY GLAND), THYROID GLAND, PARATHYROID GLAND, PINEAL GLAND (EPIPHYSIS), ADRENAL GLAND, PANCREATIC ISLETS
Morphology, structure
Blood supply, innervation
Species peculiarities
ANGIOLOGY
THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
PERICARDIUM, HEART, ARTERIES, VEINS
Morphology, structure
Blood supply; innervation
Species peculiarities
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM: LYMPHATIC VESSELS, LYMPH NODES, THYMUS, SPLEEN
Morphology and structure
Blood supply; innervation
Species peculiarities
COMMON INTEGUMENT
THE SKIN
Macroscopic organisation and structure
Blood supply and innervation
Species peculiarities
HORNS, PADS, HOOF, CLAW
Morphology, structure
SKIN GLANDS
Morphology, structure
MAMMARY GLAND
Morphology, structure
Blood supply; innervation
Species peculiarities
NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: SPINAL CORD, ENCEPHALON, MENINGES
Morphologia, structure
Blood supply
Species peculiarities
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: CRANIAL and SPINAL NERVES
Morphology, central connections, peripheral connections
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: SYMPATHETIC PART, PARASYMPATHETIC PART
Morphology, central connections, peripheral connections
SENSE ORGANS
THE ORGAN OF VISION (THE EYE AND ITS ACCESSORY ORGANS)
THE VESTIBULORCOCHLEAR ORGAN (EAR)
THE OLFACTORY ORGAN
THE VOMERONASAL ORGAN
THE ORGAN OF TASTE
Morphology, structure
Blood supply, innervation
Species peculiarities
Recommended readings
Texts and atlases recommended:
Systemic and comparative anatomy texts:
BARONE R.: Anatomia comparata dei mammiferi domestici, Voll 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (first part and second part), Edagricole, Bologna. DYCE K.M., SACK W.O., WENSING C.J:G: Testo Atlante di Anatomia Veterinaria, Delfino Editore Roma.
GETTY R.: Anatomia degli animali domestici di Sisson e Grossman, Picc in, Padova.
NICKEL R., SCHUMMER A., SEIFERLE E.: Trattato di anatomia degli animali domestici, Voll 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Ambrosiana, Milano.
PELAGALLI G.V., BOTTE V.: Anatomia veterinaria sistematica e comparata, Voll 1, 2, Edi Ermes, Milano. KONIGH H.E., LIEBICH H.G.: Anatomia dei mammiferi domestici. Piccin, Padova.
Locomotor apparatus atlas:
BARONE R.: Atlante di osteo-artro-miologia del cavallo e del bovino, Edagricole, Bologna
Gross anatomy atlases:
ASHDOWN R.R., DONE S.H.: Atlante di Anatomia Veterina ria, Vol. 1 Ruminanti, Vol. 2 Il Cavallo, USES, Firenze.
BARONE R.: Il Cavallo - Anatomia pratica e topografica, Edagricole, Bologna.
BOYD J.S.: Atlante a colori di Anatomia clinica del cane del gatto, Masson, Milano.
DONE. S.H., GOODY P.C., EVANS S.A., STICKLAND N.C.: Atlante di Anatomia Veterinaria, Vol 3, Il Cane e il Gatto, UTET, Torino.
POPESKO P.: Atlante di Anatomia topografica degli animali domestici, Grasso, Bologna.
Microscopic anatomy texts-atlases:
BANKS W.J.: Istologia e Anatomia Microscopica Veterinaria, Piccin, Padova.
DELLMAN H.D., BROWN E.M.: Istologia e Anatomia Microscopica Veterinaria, Grasso, Bologna.
Microscopic anatomy atlas: BACHA W.J., WOOD L.M.: Atlante a colori di Istologia Veterinaria, Delfino, Roma.
Teaching methods
Learning activities involve classroom lectures and practical activities. The latter, carried out with the students divided into groups, are designed to provide the student with a hands-on view of macroscopic organisation (through dissection) and microscopic organisation (by observation under optical microscope) of the organs of the animals.
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