Learning objectives
Trainee students must learn to approach the patient correctly, to follow the most appropriate clinical procedure and reach a precise clinical diagnosis. In addition they must suggest the best treatment for the clinical case under consideration. Essentially they must learn to "do".
Prerequisites
Students must be enrolled in their fifth year.
Course unit content
<p>At the end of the clinical training period, students will have learned how to: <br />
<br />
1- administer an intramuscular injection to a dog; <br />
2- administer an intramuscular injection to a cat; <br />
3- administer an intramuscular injection to a horse; <br />
4- administer an intramuscular injection to a bovine animal; <br />
5- administer an intravenous injection to a dog; <br />
6- administer an intravenous injection to a cat; <br />
7- administer an intravenous injection to a horse; <br />
8- administer an intravenous injection to bovines; <br />
9- take a blood sample from a dog; <br />
10- take a blood sample from a cat; <br />
11- take a blood sample from a horse; <br />
12- take a blood sample from a bovine animal; <br />
13- catheterise the bladder of a male or female dog; <br />
14- catheterise the bladder of a male cat; <br />
15- catheterise the bladder of a male or female horse; <br />
16- catheterise the bladder of a male or female bovine animal; <br />
17- take the body temperature of a dog; <br />
18- take the body temperature of a cat; <br />
19- take the body temperature of a horse; <br />
20- take the body temperature of a bovine animal; <br />
21- perform orotracheal intubation on a dog using an appropriate McGill tube; <br />
22- perform orotracheal intubation on a cat using an appropriate McGill tube; <br />
23- perform orotracheal intubation on a horse (if possible) using an appropriate McGill tube; <br />
24- perform orotracheal intubation on a bovine animal (if possible) using an appropriate McGill tube; <br />
25- administer initial treatment for an accidental wound, before stitches are applied if necessary, in a dog; <br />
26- administer initial treatment for an accidental wound, before stitches are applied if necessary, in a cat; <br />
27- administer initial treatment for an accidental wound, before stitches are applied if necessary, in a horse; <br />
28- administer initial treatment for an accidental wound, before stitches are applied if necessary, in a bovine animal; <br />
29- medicate wounds in dogs; <br />
30- medicate wounds in cats; <br />
31- medicate wounds in horses; <br />
32- medicate wounds in bovine animals; <br />
33- apply a protective bandage to the leg of a dog; <br />
34- apply a protective bandage to the leg of a cat; <br />
35- apply a protective bandage to the leg of a horse; <br />
36- apply a protective bandage to the leg of a bovine animal; <br />
37- apply an external fixation device to the leg of a dog; <br />
38- apply an external fixation device to the leg of a cat; <br />
39- apply an external fixation device to the leg of a horse; <br />
40- apply an external fixation device to the leg of a bovine animal; <br />
41- medicate the “foot” of a dog; <br />
42- medicate the “foot” of a cat; <br />
43- medicate the “foot” of a horse; <br />
44- medicate the “foot” of a bovine animal; <br />
45- prepare themselves following sterile procedure for an operation; <br />
46- prepare the patient for an operation (trichotomy and shaving); <br />
47- preparation of a sterile operative field (preoperative asepsis); <br />
48- assist the surgeon during an operation; <br />
49- correctly tie surgical sutures; <br />
50- create an inverting suture for hollow organs; <br />
51- create a fascial suture; <br />
52- create a capsular suture; <br />
53- create a cutaneous suture; <br />
54- create a tendon suture; <br />
55- perform preoperative haemostasis (white field); <br />
56- perform intraoperative haemostasis <br />
</p>
Bibliography
• BIBLIOGRAFIA: AUER J.: Chirurgia del cavallo, Essegivi-Edagricole, 1995. <br />
BOJRAB M.J.: Le basi patogenetiche delle malattie chirurgiche nei piccoli animali”, Giraldi editore, 2001. <br />
BRAUND K.G.: Manuale di neurologia dei piccoli animali, Giraldi editore, 2002. <br />
CHELI R.: Clinica Chirurgica Veterinaria, UTET, 1988. <br />
FACKELMAN G.E., NUNAMAKER D.M.: Manual of Internal Fixation in the Horse, Springer-Verlag, 1982. <br />
FOSSUM T.W.: Chirurgia dei piccoli animali , Masson editrice, 2004. <br />
GELATT N.: Small Animal Ophthalmic Surgery , Butterworth- Heinemann, 2001. <br />
GIBBONS W.J., CATCOT T, E.J., SMITHCORS J.F: Bovine Medicine and Surgery, American Veterinary Pubblications, <br />
1970. <br />
GOURLEY I.M., GREGORY C.R.: Testo atlante di chirurgia dei piccoli animali, UTET, 1995. <br />
GUANDALINI A., PERUCCIO C., PIZZIRANI S.: Oftalmologia, Poletto editore, 2006. <br />
MENSA A.: Patologia chirurgica veterinaria , UTET, 1947. <br />
PIERMATTEI D.L., GREELEY R.G.: An Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones of the Dog and Cat, W.B. Saunders <br />
Company, 1979. <br />
ROSENBERGER G.: Malattie del bovino, Essegivi, 1975. <br />
STASHAK T.S.: Adams’: la zoppicatura nei cavalli, SBM edizioni,1990. <br />
Teaching methods
The teaching method is designed for students to learn the main clinical, surgical and anaesthesiological procedures required, first to reach a diagnosis and subsequently carry out treatment, through direct, “hands-on” practice. Collective discussion of each clinical case is at the basis of such a teaching approach. Generally trainees alternate, alongside the teacher on duty, in the veterinary practice, in the patient preparation room and in the operating theatre, working as assistants in performing surgical and anaesthesiological procedures.