HYGIENE
Learning outcomes of the course unit
Allow students to know and understand the tools and the basic methodology to develop and use the own and specific concepts of hygiene in the prevention of infectious and non infectious diseases in hospital and non-hospital setting.
Among the competences acquired, students will be able to:
develop self-analysis of certain health risk factors, prevention strategies both individual and collective, and of interventions to promote the health and safety of health care workers and users.
Course contents summary
The first lesson provides a framework for the discipline of hygiene
in the context of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, in relation to the concepts of health and disease. The course proceeds with an extensive discussion of all aspects of the general epidemiology and prevention of infectious diseases and are more detailed blood transmissible infections and preventive aspects of diseases related to the figure of the health worker. The second part of the course deals the concepts of preventive medicine and health education. Discusses some basic tools of Public Health used in primary, secondary (screening) and tertiary prevention . The third section deals the main aspects of environmental hygiene, with particular reference to the quality of water for human use and the hygiene aspects of swimming pools.
Course contents
Determinants of health / disease
Definition of epidemiology
Fields of study of epidemiology
The measures in epidemiology
-prevalence
-incidence rate
Epidemiological measures of risk
-association
-the causal factors and risk factors
General epidemiology of infectious diseases:
-transmission of infection
-factors favoring the occurrence of infections
-mode of spread of infectious diseases in the population
Preventive medicine:
-goals and methods of prevention
-levels of prevention: primary, secondary, tertiary
Prevention of infectious diseases
-discovery and inactivation of the sources of infection
-interruption of transmission chains
-immune-active and passive prevention
- chemoprophylaxis
Prevention of blood transmissible infections
HBV, HDV, HCV, HIV
Health Education
- Health promotion
- The strategies of health education
General prevention of non-infectious diseases of social interest
- screening
Environmental hygiene
- Drinking water: notes on the sources of supply, pollution and water purification.
- Hygiene aspects of swimming pools
Recommended readings
IGIENE- S.Barbuti G.M.Fara G.Giammanco e coll.III ed. -Monduzzi Editore
IGIENE per le lauree delle professioni sanitarie. C.Meloni -Casa Editrice Ambrosiana
Teaching methods
Lectures
Assessment methods and criteria
The final evaluation consists of an oral examination intended to verify comprehension of the topic treated in the different parts of the course
