REHABILITATION OF NEUROLOGICAL PATIENTS
Learning outcomes of the course unit
produce in students the motivation of "indispensability" of the scientific, reasoned and personalized construction of the rehabilitation program
developing and finalizing the ability to: observe a patient with cortical pathology both in a way aimed at motor skills and in the overall and correlation of the manifestations; identify priorities and hierarchies of intervention; building the longitudinally rehabilitative procedure and the vertical rehabilitation session in a scientific, reasoned and personalized way.
to create the cultural prerequisites for the practical technical-professional approach with the patient with cortical pathology
sensitize students to act with scientific methodology.
Prerequisites
none
Course contents summary
the scientific nature of rehabilitative action - evidence-based prerequisites
motor representation within the cortex (brief historical summary and current evidence)
functional neuromuscular compartimentation:
- neuromuscular compartments (summary)
- sensory and central compartmentation (summary)
- functional hypothesis and task group concept
the functional construction of the behavioral act (Anochin scheme):
- afferent summary
- decision making
- perceptive hypothesis - prediction apparatus
- efferent action program
- object
- return afferentation
- closing of the feed back - verification - learning - orientation reflex
Cortical lesional mechanisms and functional recovery
- cortical plasticity
- the mechanisms of functional recovery
- the ischemic penumbra
- the ischemic zone
the plasticity of the supporting tissues
the principles of therapeutic exercise:
- early intervention
- significance
- passive mobilization
- motivation
- prevention of sensory deprivation
- cervico-cranio-caudal law of development
- repetition of the exercise
- reinforcement
- enrichment of the environment
- interaction between therapist and patient
the planning of the rehabilitation intervention:
- observation: direct - guided by protocols - mediated by other experts
- the predictive elements
- expected final modifications
- intermediate modifications: work unit
- exercises: contents - modality - objectives
- exercises: the degrees with respect to the contents and to the specific pathological one
- periodic checking of results and corrective choices
the pathological specific: the "profile" of the patient:
• specific pathological motor
• specific pathological sensory
• specific pathological neuropsychological
• specific pathological relationship
fundamental methodological differences between synchronic and diachronic methods (summary)
Recommended readings
notes provided by the teacher
Teaching methods
The course is structured on a continuous parallelism between scientific theory, reasoned practical observation, and intervention methodology, so that each student can adopt the concepts through a guided critical analysis.
Assessment methods and criteria
oral exam