Obiettivi formativi
<span class="datirigaalto">Il corso si propone di fornire conoscenze avanzate nel campo della progettazione di circuiti integrati analogici e dei circuiti a microonde (RFIC o MMIC).</span>
Prerequisiti
<span class="datiriga">Prerequisiti consigliati:<br />
<br />
Elettronica e Strumentazione<br />
Dispositivi a Stato Solido</span>
Contenuti dell'insegnamento
<span class="datiriga"><strong>Introduction</strong><br />
Analog integrated circuits design: main differences and peculiarities with respect to discrete-components design.<br />
Passive components in Silicon technologies (resistors, capacitors and inductors): parasitics and lumped models. MOS transistors: main parasitic effects, minimization of the capacitance at the drain terminal; multi-gate devices.<br />
Process tolerance and component mismatch. Interconnection lines: lumped models. Pad, packaging and bonding: models.<br />
Impact of the process tolerance and mismatch on the analog design: corner analysis and Monte-Carlo simulation. <br />
Behavioral modeling of analog cells with Spectre-HDL.<br />
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<strong>Design of operational amplifier in CMOS technology<br />
Two-stages opamp: basic and advanced Miller compe</strong>nsation techniques. Analysis of non-dominant poles and zeros in the transfer function of basic amplifier stages: cascode and differential amplifier. Folded-cascode opamp. CMRR and PSRR of two-stages opamp.<br />
High-DC gain opamps: gain boosting technique. Low supply voltage opamps, rail-to-rail input opamps. Output stages. Micro-power opamps.<br />
Differential output opamps: common-mode feedback and stability issues. Simulation techniques.<br />
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<strong>Noise</strong><br />
Noise sources in single stage amplifier and Miller-compensated two-stages opamps. Noise minimization techniques.<br />
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<strong>Design of special analog circuits in CMOS technology</strong><br />
Switched-capacitor circuits: sample-and-hold, amplifier and filters.<br />
Voltage and current references: CMOS bandgap reference.<br />
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<strong>Theory of Analog Circuit Simulators</strong><br />
Analog Simulators: Spice, Spectre.<br />
DC-OP analysis and algorithms: Newton-Rapson method. DC-OP issues and problems: continuation methods, initial condition, multiple operating points. Accuracy parameters: reltol, vntol and abstol<br />
Transient analysis: integration methods: Euler, Trapezoidal, Gear2; how integration methods affects the simulation results. Accuracy parameters: lteratio, transient convergence criteria (pointlocal, sigglobal, etc.), maximum time-step.<br />
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<strong>Design activity</strong><br />
Design of an analog circuit in CMOS technology (opamp, bandgap reference, etc.) using Cadence as CAD framework and Spectre as Simulator.</span>
Programma esteso
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Bibliografia
<span class="labelriga"> </span> <span class="datiriga">B. Razavi, ``Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits'', Mc Graw Hill <br />
P. E. Allen, D. R. Holdberg , "CMOS Analog Circuit Design", 2nd edition, Oxford University Press<br />
K. S. Kundert, “The Designer's Guide to Spice and Spectre”, Kluwer Academic Publ.</span>
Metodi didattici
<span class="datirigaalto">L'esame è basato su una prova orale e due prove pratiche.<br />
Le prove pratiche consistono nella realizzazione di due progetti:<br />
-per il primo modulo verrà assegnato il progetto di un modulo analogico in tecnologia CMOS da svolgere con Cadence<br />
-per il secondo modulo verrà assegnato un semplice progetto di un LNA da svolgere con ADS<br />
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Per accedere alla prova orale è necessario avere completato la parte di progettazione ed avere consegnato al docente le relazioni ed il database Cadence del progetto del blocco analogico.<br />
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Su richiesta è possibile sostenere la prova orale in due parti distinte: parte Analogica e parte RF.</span>
Modalità verifica apprendimento
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Altre informazioni
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